SAEDNEWS: There are two situations in which a person becomes junub (ritually impure) during Ramadan: either they become junub before the Fajr (dawn) prayer time begins, or they become junub unintentionally after Fajr and during the day—for example, when semen is discharged during sleep.
According to Saednews as per Imam Khomeini (may Allah have mercy on him), if a person is in a state of janabah (major ritual impurity) and deliberately does not perform ghusl before the Fajr (dawn) prayer call, they may perform tayammum (dry ablution) as a substitute for ghusl in the final moments before Fajr and then fast. The fast is valid, although deliberately neglecting ghusl is sinful. However, if the person deliberately performs neither ghusl nor tayammum, the fast is invalid, and both making up the fast (qada) and paying expiation (kaffarah) are obligatory.
For an obligatory fast performed on a specific day, such as a vowed fast, the fast remains valid even if the person does not perform ghusl or tayammum before Fajr. However, during Ramadan, if janabah occurs before Fajr, ghusl is required before dawn.
According to Imam Khomeini, if a fasting person experiences a wet dream during the day, they are not required to perform ghusl immediately. However, ghusl is necessary before performing obligatory prayers.
If a person wakes up after the Fajr call to prayer during Ramadan and discovers that they have experienced a wet dream, their fast is valid, even if they know the wet dream occurred before Fajr. Therefore, a person may perform ghusl during the daytime while fasting.
If someone falls asleep during the day in Ramadan and becomes junub due to a wet dream, they do not need to perform ghusl immediately solely because they are fasting. However, if they have not yet performed the Dhuhr and Asr prayers, they must perform ghusl to pray.
If someone remains in a state of janabah until Fajr because of certain difficulties, there is no problem with fasting outside Ramadan, except when making up missed Ramadan fasts, according to the ruling described here.
However, for Ramadan fasts and make-up fasts, if a person is unable to perform ghusl, they must perform tayammum. If they do not perform tayammum either, their fast is invalid.
If someone wakes up shortly before Fajr during Ramadan and discovers that they are junub but has no time to perform either ghusl or tayammum before dawn, that day's fast is valid, and neither qada nor kaffarah is required.
If semen is emitted involuntarily while a person is fasting, the fast is not invalidated. However, ghusl becomes obligatory.
If a fasting person engages in arousing behavior with their spouse without intending to cause ejaculation and is confident that semen will not be emitted, but ejaculation nevertheless occurs, the fast remains valid according to the ruling stated here.
However, if the person is uncertain whether ejaculation will occur, the fast is invalidated if they engage in the behavior under those circumstances, according to the ruling presented in the original text.
If someone becomes junub but does not know that ritual purity from janabah is a condition for fasting, and consequently fasts for several days without performing the required purification, they must make up those fasts. Kaffarah is not required.
If someone wakes up before Fajr during Ramadan without realizing that they have experienced a wet dream, their fast is valid.
If a person suspects before Fajr that they may have experienced a wet dream but ignores the doubt, goes back to sleep, and discovers after Fajr that the wet dream occurred before dawn, the fast remains valid if they observed no signs of a wet dream upon first waking and had only a suspicion. This remains the case even if they later wake up again and discover that the wet dream occurred before Fajr.
Masturbation is forbidden during the holy month of Ramadan and is one of the acts that invalidate the fast.
If someone masturbates during Ramadan without intending to ejaculate, but semen is emitted, the fast is invalid if they were not certain that ejaculation would occur but nevertheless engaged in the act. Both making up the fast (qada) and paying expiation (kaffarah) are obligatory under the ruling described in the original text.
Does becoming junub before the Fajr call to prayer invalidate the fast?
According to the rulings attributed to Imam Khomeini in the original text, becoming junub before Fajr does not automatically invalidate the fast. However, during Ramadan, a person who becomes junub before dawn must perform ghusl before Fajr or, where applicable, perform tayammum as a substitute. Deliberately failing to perform either purification may invalidate the fast and make qada and kaffarah obligatory.
A person who experiences a wet dream during sleep and discovers it only after Fajr may continue fasting, and their fast remains valid.
