Advanced Maternal Age and Smoking: Hidden Factors Behind Fetal Growth Restriction

Wednesday, April 29, 2026

SAEDNEWS: Fetal Growth Slowdown and Decline: Serious Warning Signs That Require Close Attention and May Even Lead to Miscarriage

Advanced Maternal Age and Smoking: Hidden Factors Behind Fetal Growth Restriction

According to a report by Saed News Family Service and Nini Site, sudden cessation of fetal growth in the womb is a distressing condition that may lead to serious consequences. The causes are varied, but Dr. Masoumeh Younesi, a gynecologist and obstetric surgeon with a subspecialty fellowship in infertility and laparoscopic surgery, explains the most common factors.


What causes fetal growth to stop during pregnancy?

There are several possible reasons:

1. Poor maternal nutrition

One of the most important factors affecting fetal development is inadequate nutrition. Consuming fast food, processed foods containing preservatives, and long-shelf-life dairy products may negatively impact fetal growth.

2. High blood pressure

Maternal hypertension can prevent proper fetal development. In some cases, the mother may be unaware of the condition, which can still cause serious complications for the fetus.

3. Placental hematomas

Bleeding behind the placenta can lead to blood clots (hematomas), which may interfere with fetal growth. This condition often occurs during the first trimester and may even result in miscarriage.

4. Viral infections

Viruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) can interrupt fetal growth and cause significant complications.

5. Genetic placental disorders

Genetic abnormalities affecting the placenta can also play an important role and require special medical attention.

6. Maternal age

Pregnancy after the age of 40 requires special monitoring and medical planning, with regular consultation during different stages.

7. Alcohol and smoking

Continued alcohol consumption or smoking during pregnancy may lead to growth restriction or birth complications such as intellectual disabilities, speech disorders, or hyperactivity.


What is cytomegalovirus (CMV)?

Cytomegalovirus is one of the most common causes of congenital viral infection. In some cases, it affects the fetus and can lead to serious developmental problems.


What are placental hematomas?

A hematoma forms when blood collects in an area where it cannot properly drain. When this occurs behind the placenta, it can disrupt pregnancy. This is most common in the first trimester and may lead to miscarriage.


Can fetal growth stop without a known cause?

Yes. In some cases, fetal growth may cease without any identifiable underlying reason.


What risks are associated with reduced fetal growth?

Not only complete cessation, but also slowed fetal growth is a warning sign. In some cases, it may lead to miscarriage or fetal death.


How is fetal growth monitored?

Doctors use Doppler ultrasound in the later stages of pregnancy to assess blood flow to the fetus. If abnormalities are detected, immediate medical action may be required.

In severe cases, if the fetus is at risk, early delivery may be necessary after thorough evaluation, including fetal heart monitoring. The decision depends on the condition and gestational age.


Who is at higher risk?

This condition can affect any pregnancy, but it is more common in:

  • Women with high blood pressure

  • Those with a family history of genetic pregnancy disorders

  • Individuals with underlying medical risk factors, who should consult a physician before and during pregnancy


(Additional note from the original text)

A question appears in the source regarding improving a scientific CV, but it is unrelated to the medical discussion on fetal growth.