Rashti-Duzi: Discover the Unique Art of Gilan Province

Rashti crocheting is a distinguished Iranian handicraft with roots tracing back to 550–330 B.C. This intricate art is created using a special hook to craft colorful patterns with silk yarns on Mahut fabric, a type of fine wool worsted textile.

During the 5th century, under the Sassanid dynasty, Iranian textiles gained worldwide fame. These exquisite fabrics were highly prized in Europe, with tombstone covers of European kings and elders often chosen from Iranian textiles and carpets. A notable example of Sassanid crocheted fabric is preserved at the Hermitage Museum, showcasing the enduring elegance of this ancient craft.

The art of crocheting continued to flourish during the Islamic era, particularly under the Safavid, Afsharid, Zand, and Qajar dynasties. During these periods, artisans produced a wide array of products, incorporating themes from social, political, cultural, religious, and economic life into their designs. Masters often combined crocheting with needlework, resulting in intricate and elegant patterns. In Gilan, the motifs were primarily inspired by the artists’ memory and imagination and were passed down through generations, preserving the local heritage.

Among the most popular designs are the traditional “Kaj Butehee” motifs, paisleys, and circular patterns. Rashti crocheting is generally divided into three main types:

1. Simple Crocheting – Patterns are drawn on the Mahut fabric and then filled with colorful silk yarns.

2. Crocheting with “Tekeh Duzi” – The artist cuts specific sections of the fabric, replaces them with a different color, and then performs the crocheting.

3. Crocheting with “Moaragh” – The most elaborate method, where colorful Mahut pieces are placed on the base fabric and joined by crocheting the edges.

   

   

   

   

4. This versatile craft has been applied to a variety of products, including tablecloths, draperies, bedding, cushions, coasters, bags, and floor coverings. The combination of traditional artistry, historical significance, and exquisite craftsmanship makes Rashti crocheting not only a treasured cultural heritage but also a captivating attraction for visitors seeking to experience Iran’s rich artisanal traditions.