SAEDNEWS: The Zebra Plant is a living ornamental plant that can be found in many homes, showcasing its striking foliage and vibrant colors. In this article, we’ll explore how to grow and care for this beautiful plant. Stay with us!
According to the Family Service of Saed News, the indoor plant Calathea zebrina, also known as the zebra plant, belongs to the Marantaceae family and is native to tropical regions of southeastern Brazil. The Calathea zebrina is an exceptionally beautiful and attractive plant that, under suitable growth conditions, is ideal for cultivation in indoor environments such as homes, offices, and workplaces.
Overview of Calathea zebrina
Calathea zebrina is a perennial plant. It features oval-shaped leaves with serrated edges that can grow up to one meter in height. The upper surface of the leaves is dark green, while the underside displays shades of purple, red, and yellow. As a close relative of the prayer plant, Calathea zebrina exhibits nyctinasty—its leaves fold upward at night. This fast-growing plant may also produce white to purplish flowers.
Flowering
While this perennial may produce purple or white flowers in the summer, it is very unlikely to bloom indoors. This is generally not a concern for gardeners or homeowners, as the plant is primarily valued for its spectacular foliage. In fact, many people remove the flower stalks before they bloom, so the absence of flowers does not reduce the plant’s appeal.
Light Requirements
Even in its natural habitat, Calathea prefers partial shade. When kept indoors, it requires indirect, low to medium light. Avoid direct sunlight, especially in the afternoon, as it can cause leaf discoloration, brown spots, or burning. While Calathea tolerates low light, complete darkness will slow its growth and produce weak stems. If this occurs, gradually move the plant to brighter locations.
Watering
Maintaining consistently moist—but not waterlogged—soil is one of the most challenging aspects of caring for Calathea zebrina. The plant dislikes soggy soil but should never dry out completely. Dry soil causes wilting and rolled leaves. During the active growth period (spring and summer), increase watering to keep the soil moist. In winter, as the plant enters dormancy, reduce watering accordingly.
Water when the top few centimeters of soil are slightly dry. Water thoroughly so excess drains into the saucer below, but ensure the pot does not sit in water to prevent root damage. Room-temperature water is preferred over cold water, and if tap water contains high fluoride or chlorine levels, use filtered or rainwater. Let tap water sit overnight in an open container to allow chlorine to dissipate.
Temperature and Humidity
Calathea zebrina thrives in tropical climates and prefers moderate temperatures between 18–24°C (64–75°F). Keep it away from heating or cooling vents. High humidity is essential for vibrant leaves. Use a humidifier, a water-filled tray, or place humidity-loving plants together. Bathrooms and kitchens with good light are suitable spots.
Soil
Use fertile, well-draining soil with a mix of potting soil, charcoal, and perlite. Avoid heavy soils that retain too much moisture and sandy soils that drain too quickly. A recommended mix is: 1 part potting soil, 2 parts charcoal, and 2 parts perlite.
Fertilization
During the growing season, feed monthly with a water-soluble liquid fertilizer at one-quarter strength. Avoid over-fertilizing, and occasionally flush the soil to prevent mineral buildup.
Stem Cuttings
Best done in spring or summer.
Take 7–10 cm cuttings from the mother plant below the node.
Remove lower leaves where the cutting will enter the soil, leaving a few leaves intact.
Plant in a mix of potting compost and perlite.
Water and cover with ventilated transparent plastic.
Keep in partial shade at 16–20°C (61–68°F).
Mist 2–3 times a week. Roots develop in about two months, after which the plastic cover can be removed.
Division
Also performed in spring or summer.
Gently remove the plant from its pot and divide with a sharp tool.
Each section should have roots and several leaves.
Plant in pots with a 9 cm diameter.
Water and cover with ventilated transparent plastic to maintain humidity.
Keep in partial shade at 16–20°C. Roots will establish in 1.5–2 months. Remove the plastic afterward.
Leaf Cleaning
If misting is insufficient, clean leaves weekly with a damp cloth or sponge. Vegetable oil can also be used for leaf care.
Toxicity
Calathea zebrina is non-toxic to humans and pets.
Root Rot: Caused by overwatering.
Pests: Rare but may include spider mites, aphids, or mealybugs; treatable.
Leaf Rolling at Night: Normal behavior. Daytime curling may indicate cold temperatures; move to warmer location and check soil moisture.
Leaf Burn: Caused by misting under sunlight or using shiny leaf sprays in direct sun; always mist in shade or early morning/evening.
Faded Leaves: Due to low light or excessive sunlight; move to bright indirect light.
Wilted or Drooping Leaves: Caused by cold or underwatering; water 2–3 times weekly in warm seasons.
Hanging Leaves: Usually high temperatures; move to cooler spot and mist daily.
Spider Mites: Treat with miticides such as malathion every 14 days; misting helps.
Brown Leaf Spots: Overwatering; allow soil surface to dry slightly between watering.
Cottony Leaf Patches: Mealybug infestation; treat with soap solution, dishwashing liquid, or systemic insecticides like Confidor (imidacloprid) weekly in spring/summer.
Small Leaves: Nutrient deficiency; replace soil or use houseplant fertilizers (e.g., 20-20-20) every 15–30 days in growing season.
