SAEDNEWS: The baglama is a plucked string instrument played with a pick or fingertips. It features a single-piece, pear-shaped body, similar to the divan. The instrument has seven strings arranged in three courses: three, two, and two. This section of SaedNews introduces readers to the baglama and its unique sound.
The Bağlama (Turkish: Bağlama) is a traditional string instrument rooted in Anatolia and Azerbaijan, popular among Turkish and Turkmen communities, including in Iraq. It features prominently in Ottoman classical music, Turkish folk, Qashqai music, Azerbaijani, Assyrian, Armenian music, and parts of Syria, Iraq, and the Balkans.
The word Bağlama comes from the Turkish verb bağlamak (“to tie”) and refers to “connection” or “binding,” likely inspired by the frets and ties on its neck. Historically, it also refers to a poetic competition where Ashiks perform storytelling duels using the instrument.
Bağlama evolved from the tanbur, introduced to Anatolia by the Seljuks. Changes in frets, neck design, and string arrangement led to new plucked string instruments, including Divan, Tanbura, Dutar, and Setar. Today, it is central to Turkish music, celebrated for its distinct tone and cultural heritage.
Three string groups (7 strings total) produce a magical, soothing sound.
Strings resonate over a pear-shaped body with a wooden soundboard, giving the instrument its unique color and projection.
Played with fingers or a plectrum, the Bağlama can produce both melodic and rhythmic textures.
Body: Made from various woods (juniper, mahogany, spruce), shaped in a single piece or layered.
Soundboard: Dark hardwood, polished with fir oil for resonance.
Neck: Hard, durable wood (oak, walnut, mahogany).
Frets: Plastic threads, 19 for short-necked, 24 for long-necked versions.
Strings & Pegs: Steel strings arranged in 3 groups, tuned via wooden pegs.
Bridge & Nut: Maintain string height and tension.
Bağlama is a plucked string instrument played with a plectrum or fingers. It remains a national instrument of the Turkish people, symbolizing the rich musical heritage of Anatolia. Its influence has spread to neighboring countries, including Iran, Iraq, and Azerbaijan.
