SAEDNEWS: The Pharaoh was, in fact, an individual chosen by the gods to lead the people, army, wealth, and land of Egypt, and was considered the ruler of all of Egypt.
According to the History and Culture section of Saed News, the term Pharaoh is a title that, in later periods, was used to refer to the rulers of ancient Egyptian dynasties. Historically, however, the title “Pharaoh” was only applied during the New Kingdom of Egypt, particularly in the mid-Eighteenth Dynasty, following the reign of Hatshepsut. The Pharaoh was regarded as the chief administrator, head of the army, and ruler of all Egypt. He was also considered the son of Ra.
The word Pharaoh derives from the Coptic root per-aa, meaning “great house,” referring to the fact that Pharaohs saw themselves as the shelter and protector of the people and maintained grand royal palaces. Although originally the term referred to the king’s palace, by the time of Thutmose III (1425–1479 BCE) during the New Kingdom, it was also used as a designation for the ruler himself.
The first person in ancient Egyptian history known by the title Pharaoh is King Scorpion, whose original name remains unknown. A depiction on a stone mace shows a scorpion in front of his face, which is why he is referred to by this name.
Some of the most famous Pharaohs of Egypt include Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure, Queen Hatshepsut, Amenhotep III, Akhenaten, Tutankhamun, Thutmose III, Horemheb, and Ramses II. Among them:
Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure are renowned for building the Three Pyramids.
Thutmose III, Amenhotep III, and Ramses II are remembered for their extraordinary power in governance and military conquests.
Queen Hatshepsut is celebrated for extensive reforms and for being the first to move her tomb from a pyramid to the Valley of the Kings.
Akhenaten is noted for rejecting traditional Pharaoh beliefs and establishing the city of Akhetaten (Horizon of Aten).
Tutankhamun is famous for his mysterious death at eighteen and the discovery of his untouched tomb treasures.
Horemheb is remembered for restoring the worship of Amun following Akhenaten’s reign.
These Pharaohs left enduring legacies, shaping Egypt’s political, religious, and cultural history in ways that continue to fascinate the world today.
