SAEDNEWS: Iran was under the rule of the Achaemenid Empire, founded by Cyrus the Great (559–530 BCE). This empire reached its peak during the reign of Darius the Great (522–486 BCE). It was the world’s first multiethnic state, encompassing vast territories across Asia, Europe, and North Africa.
According to SAEDNEWS. Sahand Iranmehr shared this video on his Telegram channel and wrote in its description:
Herodotus and Xenophon, two prominent Greek historians, provide invaluable insights into urban life and Iranian customs during the Achaemenid era.
Herodotus describes the splendor of palaces, the Royal Road, and the efficient taxation system. He notes that cities like Susa and Babylon were directly supervised by the king and satraps (provincial governors). He portrays the Iranians as family-oriented people who emphasized three core values in raising children: horseback riding, archery, and truthfulness.
One fascinating detail from Herodotus is his account of birthday celebrations in ancient Iranian culture. He writes that Iranians placed great importance on their birthdays and marked the occasion with special ceremonies and festivities. These events featured plenty of food and drink and were among the most significant social gatherings for Iranians.
Herodotus states:
"Iranians celebrate their birthdays more than any other day. On this day, the wealthy slaughter and feast on numerous animals such as cows, horses, camels, or rabbits, while the poor prepare simpler meals. The table is laden with various dishes, but their primary food is meat. On this day, they also drink a substantial amount of wine."
Herodotus also emphasizes the Iranians' openness to other cultures, highlighting their acceptance of cultural diversity.
In his work Cyropaedia (The Education of Cyrus), Xenophon describes the Achaemenids as orderly and justice-oriented. He highlights the importance of the military and its integration with urban life, noting that even ordinary citizens were prepared to defend their country.
Major cities like Susa, Babylon, and Persepolis were significant centers of governance and economy. Susa served as the administrative capital, while Persepolis was renowned for its ceremonial and ritualistic role. These cities boasted advanced infrastructure, including irrigation systems, bridges, and paved roads.
The empire's economy was based on agriculture, animal husbandry, and international trade. The Royal Road, which connected Susa to Sardis, was the primary route for commerce and communication, serving as a vital artery for the empire's prosperity.
